Looking Beneath the Urban Averages: The Effects of Household and Neighborhood Poverty and City Size on Health (Abstract)
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چکیده
For the foreseeable future, world population growth will be mainly concentrated in the cities of developing countries. According to the United Nations (2000), by the year 2030 the world’s population will exceed today’s total by 2.06 billion persons, and some 1.94 billion of these will be added to the urban areas of lowincome countries. By 2030, it is believed, all developing regions will have crossed the half-way point to become more urban than rural. Even if a generous allowance is made for the variety of urban definitions and the uncertainties of demographic forecasts, the central message remains clear: soon it will no longer be possible to speak of low-income countries as being mainly rural. If these are the prospects in view, then researchers concerned with poverty and opportunity must increasingly set their concerns in urban contexts. What might city life imply for levels of health, and for health inequalities? In its new book, the Panel on Urban Population Dynamics (2003) finds substantial evidence, across the full range of developing countries surveyed by the Demographic and Health Surveys program, that the urban poor face health risks that resemble those of rural populations. In these analyses, the urban poor were defined as the lowest quartile of urban households, a group sizable enough to merit policy attention. Furthermore, relying on evidence from micro-studies of selected slum populations, the Panel on Urban Population Dynamics (2003) found that the risks facing the residents of slums can rival and even exceed rural risks. Evidently, then, when one looks
منابع مشابه
Looking Beneath the Urban Averages: The Effects of Household and Neighborhood Poverty on Health
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تاریخ انتشار 2003